Journal: GeoHealth

Article Title: A Comparative Analysis of Wildland Fire Smoke PM 2.5 Exposure Estimates Across California From 2008 to 2018

doi: 10.1029/2025GH001575

Figure Lengend Snippet: Smoke PM 2.5 summary statistics (mean and 98th percentile of all census tract estimates) by year (μg/m 3 ). Note: Acres burned were extracted from CAL FIRE Redbooks for each year ( https://www.fire.ca.gov ) and are depicted (by the Gy bars) relative to the year with the highest burned area, 2018. Total acres burned from 2008 to 2018 in order of year: 1,593,690; 451,969; 134,462; 228,599; 829,224; 601,635; 625,540; 880,899; 669,534; 1,548,429; and 1,975,086.

Article Snippet: Average smoke PM 2.5 concentrations over the 11‐year period are highest for Wilkins (Figure ), with hot spots again in northern California and throughout the Central Valley, ranging from 0.29 μg/m 3 for the least exposed tract in San Bernardino County to 10.3 μg/m 3 for the most exposed tract in Sonoma County.

Techniques:

Journal: GeoHealth

Article Title: A Comparative Analysis of Wildland Fire Smoke PM 2.5 Exposure Estimates Across California From 2008 to 2018

doi: 10.1029/2025GH001575

Figure Lengend Snippet: Spatial metrics of intensity, frequency, and duration for smoke PM 2.5 in California, 2008–2018. Number of weeks with smoke PM 2.5 exceeding 5 μg/m 3 (top row), number of days with smoke PM 2.5 exceeding 1 μg/m 3 , indicating nonzero smoke exposure (second row), mean smoke PM 2.5 (third row), number of smoke waves (fourth row). Note: Smoke waves represent the number of instances of ≥2 consecutive days with >15 μg/m 3 wildfire PM 2.5

Article Snippet: Average smoke PM 2.5 concentrations over the 11‐year period are highest for Wilkins (Figure ), with hot spots again in northern California and throughout the Central Valley, ranging from 0.29 μg/m 3 for the least exposed tract in San Bernardino County to 10.3 μg/m 3 for the most exposed tract in Sonoma County.

Techniques:

Journal: GeoHealth

Article Title: A Comparative Analysis of Wildland Fire Smoke PM 2.5 Exposure Estimates Across California From 2008 to 2018

doi: 10.1029/2025GH001575

Figure Lengend Snippet: Average (red) and tract‐level (gray) smoke PM 2.5 concentrations for the first 2 weeks of each case study for each data set. Notes: Gray lines reflect individual census tract estimates, and red lines the overall average for all tracts in all counties containing any portion of the fire perimeter. Extreme observations beyond each plot's y ‐axis are not included.

Article Snippet: Average smoke PM 2.5 concentrations over the 11‐year period are highest for Wilkins (Figure ), with hot spots again in northern California and throughout the Central Valley, ranging from 0.29 μg/m 3 for the least exposed tract in San Bernardino County to 10.3 μg/m 3 for the most exposed tract in Sonoma County.

Techniques:

Journal: bioRxiv

Article Title: Local aromatic interactions define temperature sensitivity of phase separation in an intrinsically disordered protein

doi: 10.64898/2026.05.07.723405

Figure Lengend Snippet: ( A ) Temperature-dependent droplet formation of Sup35 NM, N, and M domains monitored by turbidity at 500 nm in the presence of 15% (w/v) PEG 20,000. ( B ) Representative optical microscopy images showing temperature-dependent changes in droplet abundance for Sup35NM, N, and M domains under 15% (w/v) PEG 20,000 conditions. Scale bars, 20 µm. ( C ) Schematic illustration of truncated Sup35NM variants: AM1NM, LSNM, and AM2NM. ( D ) Temperature-dependent turbidity profiles of AM1NM, LSNM, and AM2NM measured in 20% (w/v) PEG 20,000. ( E ) Representative optical microscopy images showing temperature-dependent changes in droplet abundance for AM1NM, LSNM, and AM2NM under 20% (w/v) PEG 20,000 conditions. Scale bars, 10 µm.

Article Snippet: The final reaction mixture was adjusted to contain 10 μM protein, 10 mM sodium phosphate buffer (pH 7.0), and 10–20% (w/v) polyethylene glycol (PEG, average molecular weight 20,000, Nacalai Tesque).

Techniques: Microscopy

Journal: bioRxiv

Article Title: Local aromatic interactions define temperature sensitivity of phase separation in an intrinsically disordered protein

doi: 10.64898/2026.05.07.723405

Figure Lengend Snippet: ( A ) Schematic representation of Tyr-substituted Sup35NM mutants (YA-NM, YAh-NM, YF-NM, and YFh-NM). Tyr positions are indicated by black lines, Ala substitutions by red lines, and Phe substitutions by green lines. ( B ) Temperature-dependent turbidity profiles of Tyr-to-Ala Sup35NM mutants (YA-NM and YAh-NM) in 20% (w/v) PEG 20,000. ( C ) Schematic representation of Tyr-substituted Sup35N mutants (YA-N, YAh-N, YF-N, and YFh-N). ( D ) Temperature-dependent turbidity profiles of Tyr-to-Ala Sup35N mutants, YA-N and YAh-N in 20% (w/v) PEG 20,000. ( E ) Blue-Native PAGE analysis of Sup35NM mutants carrying Tyr-to-Ala (red) or Tyr-to-Phe (green) substitutions. ( F ) Temperature-dependent turbidity profiles of Tyr-to-Phe Sup35NM mutants (YF-NM and YFh-NM) in 20% (w/v) PEG 20,000. ( G ) Temperature-dependent turbidity profiles of Tyr-to-Phe Sup35N mutants (YF-N and YFh-N) in 20% (w/v) PEG 20,000. ( H ) (left) Representative optical microscopy images showing droplet morphology of YF-NM and YF-N mutants at 20°C in 20% (w/v) PEG 20,000. Scale bars, 10 µm. Right panels show magnified views. Scale bars, 5 μm.

Article Snippet: The final reaction mixture was adjusted to contain 10 μM protein, 10 mM sodium phosphate buffer (pH 7.0), and 10–20% (w/v) polyethylene glycol (PEG, average molecular weight 20,000, Nacalai Tesque).

Techniques: Blue Native PAGE, Microscopy

Journal: bioRxiv

Article Title: Local aromatic interactions define temperature sensitivity of phase separation in an intrinsically disordered protein

doi: 10.64898/2026.05.07.723405

Figure Lengend Snippet: ( A ) ThT fluorescence images of YF-NM droplets formed in 20% (w/v) PEG 20,000 in the absence (top) or presence (bottom) of 2 M urea. Scale bars, 10 μm. ( B ) ThT fluorescence images of amyloid fibrils formed by YF-NM in the presence of 2 M urea. Scale bars, 10 μm. ( C ) Schematic representation of LS NM mutants (YAh- LS NM and YFh- LS NM). ( D ) Temperature-dependent turbidity profiles of WT-NM, YF-NM, and YA-NM in 20% (w/v) PEG 20,000 in the absence (black) or presence (blue) of 2 M urea.

Article Snippet: The final reaction mixture was adjusted to contain 10 μM protein, 10 mM sodium phosphate buffer (pH 7.0), and 10–20% (w/v) polyethylene glycol (PEG, average molecular weight 20,000, Nacalai Tesque).

Techniques: Fluorescence